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Single Cell ATAC

Product Description
Case Analysis
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Single-cell ATAC-seq is to study chromatin accessibility at the single-cell level and is mainly used for the detection of transcriptional regulatory sequences, which can be combined with single-cell RNA-seq to analyse all actively transcribed regulatory sequences in the genome. This technique has been used in many research areas such as tumor heterogeneity studies, gene regulatory network analysis, cell lineage tracing, biomarker discovery, etc.

ATAC-Seq (Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing) uses Tn5 transposase to cleave nuclear chromatin regions which is open at a specific space-time and then adds primers for high-throughput sequencing to obtain the regulatory sequences of all active transcripts in the genome at that specific space-time condition.

 

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ATAC-Seq schematic diagram

 

The single cell ATAC-Seq technology relies on the microfluidic technology of the 10x Genomics platform, combining characteristics of different cells of sequence tags distinguished population with ATAC-Seq technology to build chromatin accessibility profiles for thousands of single cells. Sample types: cell lines, primary cells, fresh and frozen tissues, etc.

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Schematic diagram of 10x Genomics single-cell ATAC-Seq

 

Sample type
Cell lines, primary cells, fresh and frozen tissues, etc.
Experimental process

10x Genomics单细胞ATAC-Seq实验流程

 

Analysis process

Flow chart of single-cell ATAC analysis

  

Application directions

a. Studying cell heterogeneity;

b. Exploring biomarkers;

c. Defining cell types;

d. Building gene regulatory networks.

 

Product advantages

a. Detecting open chromatin in transcriptional regulatory regions of single cells;

b. Each channel can hold 500~10000 nuclei;

c. Nuclei capture rate up to 65%;

d. Suitable for the study of cell lines, primary cells, fresh and frozen samples;

e. Using the official 10x software, single cell gene regulation can be deeply analyzed.

Case 1 scATAC-seq reveals mechanisms of human immune cell development and T cell failure within tumors

A team from Stanford University used 10x Genomics single-cell ATAC-seq technology to map the chromatin accessibility of more than 200,000 single cells from blood and tissue of basal cell carcinoma tissue.

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Cluster analysis based on single-cell ATAC-seq data

 

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Track map of immune cell lineage regulation based on single cell ATAC-seq

 

In addition, the team tested primary tumor biopsies samples from basal cell carcinoma patients collected before and after PD-1 blockade immunotherapy. Analysis of ATAC-seq data from 37,818 cells revealed that stromal and immune cells from different patients largely clustered together, while tumor cell subpopulations showed significant heterogeneity.

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Clustering diagram based on single-cell ATAC-seq

 

After PD-1 blockade immunotherapy, patients who responded to treatment showed an expansion of both T cell subsets (TEx cells and Tfh cells) in comparable proportions, suggesting that both cell types may be in a consistent regulatory mode of differentiation after PD-1 blockade.

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T-cell cluster diagram based on single-cell ATAC-seq

 

Reference:Satpathy Ansuman T, Granja Jeffrey M, Yost Kathryn E., et al. Massively parallel single-cell chromatin landscapes of human immune cell development and intratumoral T cell exhaustion[J]. Nat. Biotechnol., 2019, 37: 925-936.

Cell grouping diagram

 

Differences between clusters peak

Genomic regional mapping

Motif enrichment

Instructions for single cell sequencing and sample delivery of Wuhan Biological Sample Bank:

     

Q1: Will there be cross contamination when the nuclei are pre-treated by Tn5 enzyme and then forms micro-droplets?

A: No, because each nucleus is wrapped by a nuclear membrane, which is equivalent to an individual cell, and is treated in the same way as a single cell to form small droplets of water-in-oil.

Q2: Why do I need to perform nucleus extraction in advance?

A: Because the Tn5 enzyme cannot enter the cell membrane, the nucleus needs to be extracted separately so that the Tn5 enzyme can cut through the nuclear membrane of the nucleus to the accessible regions of chromatin for subsequent experiments.

Q3: Can motif analysis be performed?

A: Yes, including identification and prediction.

Q4: How does ATAC-seq compare with other epigenetic methods such as ChIP-seq?

A: ATAC-seq is able to capture all open chromatin regions, not only the region which could bind to specific factors. It is an unbiased method to look for epigenetic changes of samples. For proteins with known sequence binding motifs, the accompanying software can identify those motifs enriched in open chromatin cell-by-cell.

  • Instructions for single cell sequencing and sample delivery of Wuhan Biological Sample Bank

    Instructions for single cell sequencing and sample delivery of Wuhan Biological Sample Bank
    File size: 360KB 发布时间: 2022-03-10

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